Infertility in men can be caused by a variety of factors prompting them to seek fertility treatments to become a parent. A specialist will evaluate the number of sperm (concentration), motility (movement), and morphology (shape). A slightly abnormal semen analysis does not mean that a man is necessarily infertile. Instead, a semen analysis helps determine if and how male factors are contributing to infertility.
Conditions that can contribute to abnormal semen analyses include:
- Blockage (obstruction) of the male reproductive tract.
- Hormonal factors affecting the formation and development of sperm.
- Varicocele (an enlargement of the veins within the scrotum).
- Certain genetic diseases (i.e. cystic fibrosis).
- Exposure to environmental toxins and excessive heat.
- Lifestyle factors (smoking, drinking, drug use, steroids, obesity).
- Cancer and other medical conditions and treatments.
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